Ijtihad
(from Arabic: 'Zeal', from jahada 'to show zeal') The study of higher theological knowledge and the ability to put it into practice. Ijtihad is also the passing of a decision or judgement by an authoritative theologian (see mujtahid), or group of theologicans, on debatable issues of Muslim law or social or religious life, on the basis of the Quran, comments on the Quran (Tafsirs), and other sources of law. (See also Ijma).

